Defining Science And Its Different Branches

Every student need to take up science. In every curriculum, there will always be science since it plays a major role in this world that we are living in. It is through science wherein man is able to discover new things. Science has many branches and the different branches of science will help the individual with regards to his research study or investigation. When you research something, there is a specific branch of science that you will use. You will apply the different theories and concepts of the specific branch of science on your investigation.

Science may be defined as the development and systematization of positive knowledge about the universe as w hole. It is generally viewed as a cumulative and progressive activity by its nature. Such view, however, have profound philosophical implications and in fact the effort to define the nature of science is in itself part of the history of science.

The aim of education in science is to help the people particularly the young to develop an understanding of the content of science and the methods or processes which the content is produced. Time and dedication has to be given to the different hands on activities or laboratory work. The laboratory work will help explain the different theories of science.

One major goal of including science in education is to provide the people with an understanding of the interaction of science, technology and society. It will enable the individual to have a better view of the effects of the technological and scientific developments to the society and how science has influenced the societal pressures of the society.

As mentioned earlier, there are different branches of science that an individual needs to fully understand the same as how an individual needs to fully understand the functions and features of the stun gun for sale in the market. And since there are plenty of them, only a few and the basic branches of science that is learned at school will be defined here. First is anatomy and physiology. Anatomy and physiology deals with the structure and the organization of living things and how they function in the society like human beings for instance. The different systems of the body are studied and their functions are identified.

Second is chemistry. Chemistry is that branch of science that deals with matter and its interactions with energy and itself. The composition, structure and properties of matter are studied as well as how it changes when it undergoes chemical reactions.

Physics is a branch of science that also deals with the properties of matter as well including its motion through space and time. It also studies the concepts of energy and force. A lot of mathematical computations are involved here particularly when it comes to the measurement of speed and force.

Biology is a natural science which deals with the study of life and living organisms and this includes their functions, their growth, origin, distribution and all the matters concerning their existence. Microbiology focuses on the study of microorganisms, viruses, bacteria and how they can affect the human body. Ecology on the other hand is the study of how organisms interact with each other and how they interact with the environment as well.

There are still many branches of science that needs to be studied and defined. The ones mentioned above are the most common and being introduced in any educational levels similar to how common pepper spray is to women despite of the fact that there are plenty of self defense weapons in the market. Studying science is interesting and it will all help the people to better understand the things that surround them.

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How to Create Award Winning Science Fair Projects

Award winning science fair projects cannot be missed, they are those that are original, have been planned and researched well and the way they have been presented is superb. No ounce of detail has been "brushed over" and they captivate the reader making them want to learn more about the scientific principles that they contain. There simply is no mistaking them for any old run-of-the-mill science project.

In this article you will find out what steps are involved in creating science projects that win awards. If you have received an invitation to participate in your science fair and you are still undecided about whether you will take part, don't be.

Your science fair will not only allow you to investigate an area that interests you but providing you do well, you will have the chance to win some great prizes. A great performance could also lead to many future opportunities such as scholarships to top colleges not to mention it would also look great on your CV, potentially winning you brownie points with future employers.

So how do you go about creating award winning science projects? Well firstly you will need to create a plan of action. This will involve you becoming familiar with the different types of science fair projects there are and the different science fair categories from which you can select your project topic.

Some projects will require you to build a model whereas others typically won't; a research paper is a good example of this. You will also need to create a project time-line and checklist so that you can stay organized and on top of things and make sure to also get yourself a science notebook. You will use this to keep a journal of all your observations and ideas.

One of the first steps of your project will be to select a science fair topic. This however, may not be as straightforward as it seems. In order to award winning science topics you will need to first generate as many ideas as you can.

Make observations of the things around you. Think about what interests you and the things that you are curious about. Write down all of your ideas in your science notebook. The more ideas you get down on paper the better. You want to give yourself the best chance of picking the best topic; one that you are interested in and one that you will have enough time to explore.

After you have all your ideas down, pick the top three science fair ideas and let your ideas sit for a few days. This will give you some much needed time away from your project ideas and when you return to make your science fair topic selection, you will have a fresh outlook on your ideas. Award winning science fair projects explore ideas that can be tested so above all, make sure your topic is testable.

After you have selected your topic, what you will need to do is some background research so that you have all the background information you will need to proceed with your project. You want to become something of a "mini expert" with regards to your chosen topic. Science fair questions play an important role in this process. You will need to ask testable science fair questions that will guide your research.

Once you have acquired the necessary background knowledge, you are in a good position to form your science fair project hypothesis. Your goal is to form a hypothesis that can be tested based on the background research you have done on your chosen topic and the insights that you have gained. You will then need to design an experiment to test your hypothesis. Make sure that you can afford the materials for your experiment and most importantly, you will need to allow enough time to complete your experiment.

Your next step will be to carry out your experiment several times over and collect scientific data. This is not only good scientific practice but it can also uncover many things that you may have overlooked in a prior run of your experiment. It is also important to stay as objective as you can when collecting data and making observations so keep in mind that your experimental datum may not support your hypothesis. This is a perfectly normal part of the scientific inquiry process. What you will then need to do is interpret your results and draw conclusions.

After you have drawn your conclusions, you will need to write up your project paper and organize your science fair display. You have put in a lot of effort so make sure your display and presentation reflects this. You don't want a "shabby" display to undo all the great work you have done.

Now all that is left for you to do is to look over your findings, prepare your presentation speech, go out there and wow the judges.

Visit our science fair projects resources website to learn more about each of the different steps involved in creating award winning science fair projects [http://www.science-fair-projects-and-more.com/winning-science-fair-projects.html]. You will also come across a large collection of science fair topics and science project ideas not to mention a host of detailed and printable science fair projects [http://www.science-fair-projects-and-more.com].

Environmental Technology

During this century, technology has its top place since people always try to seek for better technology support for their lives. Technology has been used to make the life of people become simpler and easier. Time, money and efforts have been devoted to invent new and higher level of technology. This technology enables people to do lots of outstanding achievement such as flying to the moon and discovering new star on the sky. However, there are two different opinions about technology. One side says that technology is the best tool to create simpler and easier lives while another side says that technology is harmful for the environment. In fact, those two different opinions are just to be true. Technology can be helpful but harmful at the other side.

As an answer of these two different opinions, there is a huge need of green technology or environmental technology. Green technology here means technology which is able to conserve natural environment and resources. Green technology makes people's lives simpler and easier without providing harmful effect to the people and their surrounding environment. Green technology helps to reduce the effect of prior technology that has made the environment damaged or destructed. This technology repairs the damaged part of nature. Green technology also helps people to maintain and preserve the environment such as purifying water needed in rural areas. Moreover, green technology is also meaningful to absorb the chemical toxic in the air which results in better air for people.

Knowing the facts that green technology is very helpful for people's life, individuals and companies have sought many ways to use this technology wisely. The problem about energy which is limited has always become the problem of every person in every year. Therefore, people now think that green technology [http://www.letmegreen.com/category/green-office] will help people reducing the consumption of energy itself so that they can be economical on energy consumption. Most companies seek for this kind of technology in order to minimize the budget spent for technology and also to provide better working environment for the workers. This will help the company a lot to be sustainable in this global financial crisis. That is why the companies and individuals try to find best application that can reduce the energy consumption. The use of green technology is believed as the best and only way to overcome energy crisis lately. It is also provides simpler application. Now, it is your own choice whether you want to take the complex and difficult technology or green technology which is proven to be less energy consumption.

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Data Arteries - Enabling Business Strategy Through Information Technology

Regardless of size and industry, every enterprise is dependent upon information technology, and must have a strategy for how to employ it, especially as the internet becomes more pervasive. Information technology strategy is an enabler of business strategy. Not only must an enterprise manage relationships with its constituencies, but it must be able to connect with them electronically through data arteries - information supply, value, and demand chains. The information supply and demand chains are external; the information value chains are internal.

An information technology strategy is a special case functional strategy because every function in the enterprise requires electronic information delivery capabilities, and many require electronic process control also. In very large enterprises, strategy may be formulated at both the enterprise and organizational unit levels.

As websites such as Facebook, LinkedIn, MySpace, Plaxo, and Twitter become more pervasive in business, linkages between application systems and databases and social networking websites will be more important to enable constituencies to communicate both collaboratively and cooperatively. Just as email has become a primary method of communication between enterprises and their constituencies, so will social networking sites especially for advertising and ecommerce.

Business intelligence information can be used to identify opportunities for competitive advantage. However, information technology itself can be an enabler of competitive advantage, especially when there are opportunities to digitize products or deliver information products electronically. In such cases, business strategy is inseparable from information technology strategy.

Information technology comprises the analytical and operational application systems, databases, and technical infrastructure (hardware and networks) of an enterprise. Not all computer technologies are information based. Computer technology is used for process control applications in special purpose equipment. However, connectivity is essential as applications become more integrated. As digital construction and manufacturing practices develop through such technologies as computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), the processes, the control of processes, and the products and/or services delivered by processes all rely upon information technology for connectivity.

For example, in the manufacturing industry, not only can design and manufacturing work be conducted through integrated CAD/CAM processes with electronic linkages to carriers, such as FedEx and UPS, but the entire project and process management activities can be monitored electronically from ideation to product delivery.

Through technologies such as electronic data interchange and electronic funds transfer, data and both digital and information products flow through information supply and demand chains in parallel to material supply and product and/or service demand chains. Within the enterprise, data flows through information value chains from supply chains and to demand chains.

Developing an information technology strategy document is essential for describing the requirements and for educating users because: 

• The impact is enterprise or organizational unit wide and other elements of strategy cannot be implemented without it
• Administrative activities, such as legal, finance, and human resources, and operational activities, such as research and development, procurement, manufacturing or equivalent, distribution, marketing, sales, and service depend on information technology - analytical and operational systems support both administrative and operational functions
• The time frames, expenditures, risks, and magnitude of efforts are usually larger and more complicated than other initiatives and must be clearly understood; information technology projects have a tendency to go out of control and under deliver - therefore, contingency plans are always necessary
• The subject matter can be complicated if not well explained

Information technology strategy is usually packaged as a separate but related document to the strategic plan. It is deployed and executed through specific programs and projects that develop new or enhance or maintain existing application systems, databases, and technical infrastructure.

Large information technology development projects are usually cross-functional, and may be part of a broader initiative sponsored by multiple functions collectively. Broader initiatives that have information technology components include: 

• Market research and development
• Product research and development
• Infrastructure research and development for processes and information delivery

For example - for the development of a: 

• Digital manufacturing system integrating both research and development and sales and production activities (sponsors: Manufacturing and Sales functions - impact is on Research and Development, Procurement, Manufacturing, Distribution, Sales, and Service functions)
• Financial, managerial, and regulatory accounting and reporting system (sponsor: Finance function - impact is enterprise wide)
• Human resource management system (sponsor: Human Resources function - impact is enterprise wide)
• Sales tracking system (sponsor: Sales function - impact is on all salespeople enterprise wide)

Some projects can be solely for the Information Technology function, in which case it is a customer of itself.

Steering committees should be established for major programs and projects representing the various impacted functions in order to resolve cross-functional barriers. Major programs should come under the review of a planning and policy committee at the enterprise level.

Information technology strategy formulation is a project in its own right at the enterprise or organizational unit level. Very large projects are grouped as a program of inter-related components under a program manager. Projects can be stand alone also. A single project can deliver one or more application systems and related databases and technical infrastructure, or multiple projects may be required depending upon complexity.

For example, when launching a new product, it may be necessary to conduct marketing, product, and infrastructure development projects that include the delivery of new systems, and upgrades to existing systems. However, if an addition to the product line is launched at a later time, a new project or set of projects may be required to enhance or maintain the current systems, or even develop new ones.

The work breakdown structure for downstream development, enhancement, and maintenance projects decomposes into planning, analysis, design, construction, implementation, and performance measurement phases. The performance measurement phase can be conducted in parallel with the other phases, and each must end with a performance review. A feedback loop to future planning activities must be established so that lessons learned from the past can be reflected in future initiatives.

Meeting the cost and schedule requirements is always a major consideration. Hence, "meeting the date" is a frequent requirement for project success. However, after implementation, the scope of what was delivered and its quality is usually remembered more than when. In anticipation of the need to make changes after implementation, an adaption project may be necessary to tune, standardize, and integrate the deliverables.

The planning phase is conducted at the enterprise, organizational unit, or program levels for one or more projects depending upon size and complexity. However, each application system and related databases and technical infrastructure is delivered through a project with distinct analysis, design, construction, and implementation phases. Each phase always begins with a detailed planning activity to ensure that resources are allocated appropriately. The work breakdown structure does not preclude the use of iterative methodologies within each phase for rapid application development and prototyping. Development, enhancement, and maintenance of websites can be very rapid, and heavily interactive with user involvement, when the appropriate tools are used.

Key questions and deliverables by information technology strategy project and downstream phases include:

Strategy project (enterprise and organizational unit levels):

Key questions: 

• How does information technology enable business strategy?
• What are the investment priorities?

Deliverables include: 

• Information technology architecture (applications, data and databases, and technical infrastructure)
• High level project phasing and plans

Planning phase (enterprise, organizational unit, and program levels):

Key questions: 

• What are the administrative functions' systems and information needs?
• What are the operational functions' systems and information needs?
• What are the priorities for the candidate analytical systems?
• What are the priorities for the candidate operational systems?

Deliverables include: 

• Process models
• Function models
• Data models
• Information models
• Economic evaluation
• Scope of analysis projects and schedules

Analysis phase (project level):

Key questions: 

• How do processes, functions, and systems fit together?
• How do systems processes and functions relate to enterprise processes and functions?
• How do systems processes and functions and enterprise processes and functions fit together?

Deliverables include: 

• Functional requirements
• Economic evaluation
• Scope of design projects and schedules

Design phase (project level):

Key questions (by system): 

• What are the system's functional requirements?
• What are the system's technical requirements?
• What is the total cost of ownership and benefits (tangible and intangible)?

Deliverables include (by system): 

• Application system specifications
• Data and database specifications
• Technical infrastructure specifications
• Scope of construction project and schedule
• Total cost of ownership/benefit analysis

Construction phase (project level):

Key questions (by system): 

• Is the system being constructed according to design?
• If not, what change orders are required, and why?

Deliverables include (by system): 

• Tested application system and interfaces, databases, and technical infrastructure
• Trained users

Implementation phase (project level):

Key questions (by system): 

• What are the costs and schedule relative to plan?
• What is the scope relative to plan?
• What is the quality relative to plan
• When will the benefits be realized relative to plan?
• What adjustments for tuning, standardization, and integration are required relative to plan?
• What are the current anticipated enhancement requests?
• What are the current anticipated maintenance requests?
• What are the lessons learned for the future?

Deliverables include (by system): 

• Working application system and interfaces, databases, and technical infrastructure
• List of enhancement requests
• List of maintenance requests
• Performance measurement report

As enterprises become more dependent upon the internet for connectivity with constituencies, it is essential to develop, enhance, and maintain the information technology strategy on an ongoing basis. The strategy must emphasize connectivity through the data arteries as digital and information products become more pervasive.

Formulating information technology strategy is an enterpriship (entrepreneurship, leadership, and management) competency.

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Top Careers With an Education Degree

If we carefully observe the present scenario, the job market in the education industry has opened up tremendously. Many new professions have emerged in this industry in the last few years. In fact, with the expansion of industry many new positions have also emerged and gained more attention. The persona of education industry is totally different from what it used to be few years back. Today earning an education degree can mean a lot and may even let you some of the prestigious positions in any school or educational organization. It provides you with ample of options to apply to a range of careers that not just involve or limited to teaching, but to school or college administration level as well. So if you are actually giving a very serious thought or looking forward to earning an education degree and be the part of the one of the largest industries in the United States, here are some of the top career options that are in great demand and you must choose-

Early Childhood Education Teacher-
Earning an early childhood education degree can help you enjoy great and stress-free career. As an individual with early childhood degree, you can search for great careers as faculty for different children schools. Adding to this, the biggest benefit that this career offers is an enjoyable working setting, which in turn can make your working place a next home. Today if we look at the job prospects for an early childhood education degree holder then it is not just restricted to kid's schools. Being a degree holder of early childhood education, you can even enjoy your job profile at various day care centers or child oriented Head Start programs as well.

Elementary School Education Teacher-
Today an elementary education tutor is one of the most rewarding careers in the education industry. It is one of the most exciting careers where you can spend your days with children in kindergarten through sixth grade. The greatest reward that you can enjoy in this profession is that you can work at any elementary school and may play a major role in molding or developing the minds of those young students who make up the world's future. Dedicated towards providing education to the new generation of students, and working as a teacher you actually enjoy a career with a real impact.

Adult Education Tutor-
A career in adult education tutor primarily consists of coursework that majorly involves adult development and adult psychology. Earning a degree in adult education enables you work as an adult education tutor and your role may extremely revolve around teaching or training of adults. As a tutor, you may require to educate or work with adults in corporate settings, classrooms or on an individual basis. However, it is important to note that in order to enjoy a career in adult education, you must have a love for teaching and strong communication and interpersonal skills.

Corporate Trainer -
Corporate training is one of the few careers that primarily deal with the delivery of learning that basically aims to develop performance within the organization. Earning a corporate education degree can help you make your presence as a corporate trainer and work as a consultant, in order to provide expertise in critical areas. The career outlook in this field seems to be very promising as many Americans and specially working professionals are choosing to further their education in corporate training.

Special Education Teacher-
Today where teaching is considered to be a very highly noble profession, attaining a degree in special education can help you enjoy an all together a different career. Earning a degree in special education helps you establish your career as a special education tutor where your job responsibilities may revolve around providing specifically designed instruction to children with disabilities. You may require developing study materials that can match the special needs of each disabled student. Today it is one of the few career options that also provide you one of the most convenient ways to gain higher income and greater growth opportunities in the field of education.

Secondary Education Teacher-
It is yet another most renowned career that can let you enjoy a very rewarding experience. Working as a secondary school teacher, your key role may include teaching one or more subjects to teenagers and young adults in middle school or high school. At times, you may even require serving as a counselor or role model and help students to be successful in a career and life-long learning.

These are some of the most important career options that you can choose with an education degree. Today the job outlook for individuals with education degrees is definitely bright and in the next few years it is going to gain more recognition. Throughout the nation, every private and public school at the secondary and elementary level are in need of great teachers. Adding to this, many adults are also turning towards continuing education as a next better and feasible way to enhance their lives and advance their careers.

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New York City - Pursue a Future in Teacher Education Colleges

Nowadays, the New York City board of education is providing high incentives for in-state and out-of-state elementary education teachers such as offering free college degrees in education. State education standards have gone up and literacy rates have been fluctuating but education colleges applicant rates have been rising. Educators and administrators have come to realize that the gaps in literacy must be closed in the early elementary school years.

In recent years, the Board of Education has gone as far as to provide qualifying scholarships and housing benefits for prospective preservice and new teachers to teach at low-performing elementary schools.

So, which college degree education program will you apply for once you have been accepted? In the last ten years, teacher colleges have seen a rising number of student applicants for both undergraduate and graduate education degrees in New York City alone.

Here are a just few of accredited college degrees in New York City which have maintained throughout the years, a reputable name.

Early Childhood Education Colleges

Located on the upper west side, near Columbia University, the Bank Street College of Education has a diversified early childhood education program. There are numerous college education edgrees ranging from early childhood, to literacy, to teaching English as a second language - all under the umbrella framework of early childhood education. The college also has a rich source of teaching resources of ideas for professional development in education on a variety of topics such as literacy or becoming a tutor or volunteer. You do not need to sign up or register to gain access to these free resources.

The Hunter College of Education

This is another excellent pick for those seeking a college teaching degree in early education. However, college teaching degree also include adolescent education and childhood, literacy, TESOL, special education, gifted students and counseling ranging from the undergraduate to graduate level programs. the City Universities and colleges offer top college degrees in education, so it is well worth the research and financial aid is available for those who qualify.

Queens College of Education

The Princeton Review has rated Queens College as one of America's best colleges for undergraduate education.It prepares prospective undergraduate and graduate students for the initial New York State initial certification in childhood education for grades 1-6 and early childhood education.

Columbia Teacher College offers graduate programs in teacher education.

Over to You

Narrowing your search by state is the first step to deciding what early childhood education or elementary program you want to pursue. Some have much more specialized fields of education study than others. It is best to know what area of education you wish to study before investing in one of the New York City college education degrees.

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Dorit Sasson is a freelance writer, speaker, educator and founder of the New Teacher Resource Center.

Higher Online Education - Be Sure to Get the Real Deal

Have you ever considered taking an higher online education? Online universities are the biggest attraction for those students who can't spare time for studies from their working schedules or family commitments. Similarly, most of the housewives who wish to continue pursuing education can't spare enough amount of time to physically attend a college or university; hence they prefer online accredited universities. Because of the flexibility that online courses provide, they become one of the ideal ways of getting education for students who are busy in their professional schedules.

So if you want to get such online degrees from online universities/colleges then you must start searching for such universities now. However, you should always keep in mind that not all of these universities are qualified to offer diplomas in different subjects. Therefore you should always investigate about the accreditation of an online college/university.

Remember, if your diploma is not accredited, it is not acceptable in the real world. Therefore it is always essential to investigate about the accreditation of a university/college. Don't go for cheaper costs because if you ever get trapped by a fake university / college then you have ruined your career. Joining a non-accredited university is nothing but a waste of time, money and energy. Your plans of having a big saving can result in a career loss so never ever go for non-accredited colleges/universities.This article will help you in removing some misconceptions about online courses and it will try to answer the most important frequently asked questions about online courses.

Financial Advantages of Online Education: Online degree programs are not that much cheap as some people think. However, if you compare the overall cost of a traditional degree and an online degree, then you will definitely find online degrees to be much cheaper as compared to traditional degrees since they don't require you to attend the school / college physically. Since there is no transport is required to attend online classes, it saves lots of money. Moreover you can always continue your full time job while you can continue your online studies, which is not the case in traditional studies where students are not allowed to work on full time basis. Another advantage of accredited online schools is that you are not required to buy various college supplies or books. All you require is to install recommended software on your computer and that's it .

Online Education is not that easy: There is a misconception that online higher education is just like a piece of cake. It is not that easy as it appears. Online college education is as difficult as traditional education. It is as challenging as traditional education is. If you are not required to attend classes, it doesn't mean that you are no longer required to show obedience and discipline. Online courses require as much focus and commitment as traditional courses require.